Edward Meryon |
Duchenne de Boulogne |
Sir William Richard Gowers |
http://youtu.be/IpoT46EAuCU
Gowers escribe sobre sus observaciones en pacientes y su serie personal de 21 casos, en concreto sobre un niño de 9 años: "He helps himself up in a very peculiar way – by putting his hands upon his knees, and then grasping his thighs higher, and so by climbing up his thighs he apparently pushes his trunk up. I wish to call your special attention to this peculiar action, because it is probably pathognomonic of the disease. Attention was called to it by Duchenne, and I have never seen it absent in a case so long as the patient possessed the necessary muscular power. I have never seen it in any other disease, and every doubtful case in which it was present ultimately proved to be an example of the affection. Its diagnostic importance is thus very great." Ésta es la referencia escrita de descripción del signo de Gowers que se muestra en el vídeo anterior.
Fue Peter Becker (1908-1989) quien identificó la forma "benigna" alélica de la distrofia muscular, dando la atribución de herencia ligada al X. Becker fue profesor de Neurología en la Universidad de Freiburg y posteriormente, de Genética Humana en la Universidad de Gottingen.
Bibliografía:
Meryon E (1851). On fatty degeneration of the voluntary muscles. Lancet 2: 588–589.
Meryon E (1852). On granular and fatty degeneration of the voluntary muscles. Trans R Med Chirurg Soc Lond 35: 73–84.
Mokri B, Engel AG (1975). Duchenne dystrophy: electron microscopic findings pointing to a basic or early abnormality in the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber. Neurology 25: 1111–1120.
Emery AEH, Emery MHL (1995). The History of a Genetic Disease: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy or Meryon Disease. Royal Society of Medicine, London, New York.
Duchenne (de Boulogne) fils (1864). De la paralysie atrophiquegraisseuse de l'enfance. Archives generales de Medecine 2 (6th Ser., tome 4): 28–50; 184–209; 441–455.
Duchenne GB (1849). Recherches faites a` l'aide du galvanisme sur l'e´tat de la contractilite´ et de la sensibilite´ e´lectro- musculaires dans les paralysies du membre supe´rieur. C R Acad Sci Paris 29: 667–670.
Duchenne GB (1868a). Recherches sur la paralysie musculaire pseudo-hypertrophique ou paralysie myoscle´rosique. Arch Ge´n Me´d 11: 5–25, 179–209, 305–321, 421–443, 552–588.
Duchenne GB (1868b). De la paralysie musculaire pseudohypertrophique ou paralysie myo-scle´rosique. Gaz Hop Paris 41: 138–139, 141–142.
Duchenne GBA (1868). Reserches sur la paralysie musculaire pseudohypertrophique ou paralysie myo-sclerosique. Archives Generales de Medecine 11: 25.
Gowers WR (1879). Pseudohypertrophic Muscular Paralysis. J & A Churchill, London.
Kennedy, F., William Gowers (1845-1915), En: The Founders of Neurology, 2ª ed., Sprignfield, Charles C. Thomas Pub., 1970, pp. 441-445.
Arts, N.J.M., Gowers' Sign, En: Neurological Eponyms, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 87-93.
Sir William R. Gowers, F.R.S., Nature, 1915; 95: 296-297.
Tyler KL (2003). Origins and early descriptions of "Duchenne muscular dystrophy." Muscle Nerve 28: 402–422.
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